Home Animalia Animalpedia Birds African grey parrot

Photo — Quartl — CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
Bird Tropical forest Africa

African grey parrot

Psittacus erithacus

The African Grey Parrot is one of the world's largest and most intelligent parrot species. With its ash-grey plumage and distinctive scarlet tail, it is easily recognizable and remarkable for its outstanding cognitive abilities.

Endangered (EN)

IUCN Red List, most recent assessment.

Presentation

The African Grey Parrot is one of the world's largest and most intelligent parrot species. With its ash-grey plumage and distinctive scarlet tail, it is easily recognizable and remarkable for its outstanding cognitive abilities.

Its plumage is entirely ash-grey, except for its brilliant scarlet tail. Its pale yellow eyes and powerful black beak complete an imposing and elegant appearance. The head is large and rounded, typical of highly intelligent parrots.

Characteristics

ClassAves
OrderPsittaciformes
Size40 – 50 cm
Weight400 – 600 g
Lifespan40 – 60 years
DietFrugivore
DomesticationWild

Indicative values: they vary by subspecies, sex and region.

Habitat and distribution

The species inhabits dense tropical forests of West and Central Africa, primarily in Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon and Gabon. It frequents thick forest canopies and primary forest areas, rarely venturing into open areas.

Tropical forest

ContinentAfrica
Present in TunisiaNo

CURRENT RANGE

The African Grey Parrot is endemic to West and Central Africa. Its range extends from Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon southward to Gabon and Congo. Two subspecies are recognized, with fragmented populations.

Behaviour

It is a highly social bird, living in groups that can reach several dozen individuals. It is renowned for its exceptional intelligence, capable of learning and reproducing hundreds of words, and interacting complexly with its environment and fellow parrots.

Reproduction

African Grey Parrots are monogamous and nest in cavities of large forest trees. The female typically lays 3 to 4 eggs, which are incubated for approximately 30 days. Young fledge after 80 to 90 days in the nest.

Peculiarities

The African Grey Parrot possesses exceptional intelligence comparable to a 4-6 year-old human child. It can not only imitate sounds but also associate them with abstract concepts, making it unique among birds. Its remarkable longevity often exceeds 40 years in the wild.

Threats and conservation

The species faces major threats from illegal capture for the pet trade and loss of forest habitat. Fragmentation of tropical forests and intensive poaching have drastically reduced wild populations, placing the species on the Endangered list.

Numbers and trends vary across sources and regions. See the IUCN assessment for the latest reference data.

Gallery

1 documented photographs.

View the full gallery

References

UICN — Liste rouge des espèces menacées

Profile updated 08 August 2026 · Reviewed by the TunisieVet editorial team.

CONSERVATION STATUS

LC NT VU EN CR EW

Endangered (EN)

IUCN source, latest published assessment.

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