Coccidiosis in Stone Martens

Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease of the intestine caused by tiny single-celled parasites called coccidia, of the genus Eimeria or Isospora depending on the case. In stone martens, as in other small wild carnivores, these parasites multipl...

What is it?

Coccidiosis is a parasitic disease of the intestine caused by tiny single-celled parasites called coccidia, of the genus Eimeria or Isospora depending on the case. In stone martens, as in other small wild carnivores, these parasites multiply within the cells of the intestinal wall and trigger digestive inflammation. The disease primarily affects young stone martens, which are more susceptible than adults, especially when living in crowded conditions, under stress, or with poor hygiene—for instance in wildlife rehabilitation centres or in captivity.

Commonly observed signs

These signs are neither exhaustive nor specific. Only a veterinarian can establish a diagnosis.

Causes and risk factors

The disease is caused by cocridian protozoans that invade intestinal cells. These parasites reproduce by releasing forms of resistance called oocysts, which are shed in faeces. These oocysts become infectious after spending some time in the environment, then contaminate a new animal that ingests them—for example by eating infected prey or by licking contaminated ground.

Young animals, individuals that are weakened or stressed, and those living in crowded conditions (for example in wildlife rehabilitation centres) are at greatest risk. A damp environment, poor sanitation, or low-quality food also promote parasite multiplication. Animals recently brought in after trauma or orphaning are particularly vulnerable because their immune systems are still immature or compromised.

Transmission

Infection occurs by the oral route, through ingesting oocysts present in the environment, on food, or by contact with contaminated faeces. Consumption of small prey (rodents, birds) that already carry the parasite can also play a role in transmission in this species, which has a varied diet.

Diagnosis and care

Diagnosis is the veterinarian's responsibility, based on clinical examination and laboratory tests. Care is decided case by case.

Treatment

Treatment uses antiparasitic drugs specifically active against coccidia, prescribed only by a veterinarian.

Rehydration and nutritional support are often provided alongside medication, especially in young or weakened animals.

Environmental treatment (cleaning, disinfection) routinely accompanies medical care to prevent reinfection.

Prevention

Possible complications

Without proper care, diarrhoea can lead to severe dehydration, potentially fatal in young stone martens. Significant intestinal damage also favours secondary bacterial infections, worsening the outlook.

When to see a veterinarian

Prognosis

The outlook is generally good in healthy adult animals, as coccidiosis often remains mild or passes unnoticed. The outlook is more guarded in young animals, weakened individuals, or when treatment is delayed, as severe dehydration can become life-threatening.

Frequently asked questions

References

ESCCAP — European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites

Cornell Feline Health Center

Content reviewed by the TunisieVet editorial team · Updated 26 August 2026

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This information is provided for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for a veterinary consultation. If you have any concerns about your animal's health, consult a veterinarian.