Gastrointestinal parasitism in naked mole rats (roundworms)

What is it?

Gastrointestinal parasitism caused by roundworms (nematodes) is a common digestive problem in colony-housed rodents, including naked mole rats. These highly social animals, living in dense groups in burrows or enclosures that mimic their natural habitat, face repeated risk of contamination among individuals. Roundworms live in the intestine and disrupt digestion, nutrient absorption, and the animal's general comfort.

This parasitic infection particularly affects captive colonies (zoos, research centres) where close contact promotes transmission. It typically remains mild in a healthy animal but can become problematic in young animals, weakened individuals, or when there is a heavy parasitic load.

Commonly observed signs

These signs are neither exhaustive nor specific. Only a veterinarian can establish a diagnosis.

Causes and risk factors

Infestation is caused by intestinal nematodes (roundworms), some species of which are known in burrowing rodents. Eggs from these parasites are shed in the faeces of an infected animal and then ingested by other colony members during mutual grooming, contact with contaminated bedding, or coprophagy—a natural behaviour in naked mole rats that also helps transmit beneficial bacteria.

Dense colony living increases contact with contaminated feces. Poor enclosure hygiene, infrequent bedding and substrate changes, and high humidity promote the survival of parasitic eggs. Young, old, stressed, or immunocompromised animals are more susceptible to the effects of infestation. Introduction of an unscreened new individual into the colony is also a significant risk factor.

Transmission

Faecal-oral transmission within the colony, through contaminated bedding, mutual grooming, and coprophagy.

Diagnosis and care

Diagnosis is the veterinarian's responsibility, based on clinical examination and laboratory tests. Care is decided case by case.

Treatment

Treatment involves administering an antiparasitic medication prescribed and dosed by a veterinarian experienced with exotic animals, taking into account this species' particular sensitivity. Treatment of the entire colony is often necessary to prevent reinfestation. Enhanced hygiene measures routinely accompany medical treatment.

Prevention

Possible complications

In cases of heavy untreated infestation, marked weight loss, dehydration, growth retardation in young animals, and general weakness may occur, making the animal more vulnerable to other diseases. In an already weakened animal, the outcome can be severe.

When to see a veterinarian

Prognosis

The outlook is generally good when the parasite infestation is detected early and treated appropriately, along with proper hygiene measures. It becomes more guarded in cases of heavy, prolonged parasitic burden, especially in young animals or those already weakened by other conditions.

Frequently asked questions

References

AAFP — American Association of Feline Practitioners

Content reviewed by the TunisieVet editorial team · Updated 04 September 2026