Fall trauma and fractures in flying squirrels
Flying squirrels are gliding rodents capable of moving between trees using a membrane of skin stretched between their legs, called a patagium. Despite this adaptation which normally cushions their movements, a poorly controlled fall, a shoc...
What is it?
Flying squirrels are gliding rodents capable of moving between trees using a membrane of skin stretched between their legs, called a patagium. Despite this adaptation which normally cushions their movements, a poorly controlled fall, a shock against an obstacle, sudden handling or a panicked flight can cause serious trauma. \n\nThese accidents are common among animals kept in captivity in unsuitable aviaries or cages, but also among young people learning to fly or among stressed individuals. Fractures of the limbs, spine or patagium itself are the injuries most often encountered.
Commonly observed signs
These signs are neither exhaustive nor specific. Only a veterinarian can establish a diagnosis.
Related signs — each one links to its page:
The injured flying squirrel often shows a limp or refuses to use a limb. \n\nIt may remain motionless, withdrawn, and refuse to move or climb. \n\nA hanging, deformed or abnormally positioned limb suggests a fracture. \n\nIn cases of serious trauma, we observe depression, rapid breathing, pale mucous membranes or loss of appetite. \n\nSpinal damage can lead to partial or total paralysis of the hind limbs, or a staggering gait. \n\nThe patagium (flight membrane) may have a tear, swelling, or visible wound.
When to consult without delay
This list does not replace veterinary advice. It gathers situations that justify a prompt consultation.
Causes and risk factors
Trauma occurs mainly during accidental falls from a height, collisions with objects or hard surfaces, or sudden movements during escape or capture. \n\nIn captivity, a cage that is too small, poorly adapted bars, or a hard floor without facilities increase the risk of falling. \n\nYoung animals still inexperienced in their gliding movements are particularly exposed.
Young individuals learning to fly, stressed animals or animals handled without precaution, and poorly designed captivity environments (cages that are too small, absence of branches or platforms, hard floors) increase the risk of falls. \n\nA patagium already weakened by a previous injury or underlying bone disease (such as calcium deficiency) makes the animal more vulnerable to fractures during even a slight shock.
Diagnosis and care
Diagnosis is the veterinarian's responsibility, based on clinical examination and laboratory tests. Care is decided case by case.
The veterinarian examines the animal gently, assessing limb mobility, sensitivity and reflexes. \n\nAn x-ray is often necessary to confirm a fracture, specify its location and assess its severity. \n\nExamination of the patagium looks for tears, hematomas or wounds. \n\nIn certain cases, an additional neurological examination makes it possible to assess possible damage to the spinal cord.
Treatment
Management depends on the type and severity of the lesion. \n\nA simple fracture can be stabilized by external restraint (bandage, splint) adapted to the small size of the animal. \n\nMore complex or displaced fractures may require surgery by a veterinarian experienced in exotic animals. \n\nAnalgesic and anti-inflammatory treatment are generally combined to relieve pain. \n\nPatagium wounds are cleaned and sutured if necessary, with treatment to prevent infection. \n\nStrict rest in a small, secure space is essential during recovery.
Treatment depends on the cause and the animal's condition: it must be determined by a veterinarian. No self-medication.
Prevention
Setting up a spacious, vertical habitat with branches, ropes and platforms allows the flying squirrel to move around in safety. \n\nAvoid hard floors and favor cushioning materials at the bottom of the cage. \n\nHandle the animal calmly, in a closed space and without height, to limit the risk of sudden escape. \n\nA balanced diet, particularly in calcium and vitamin D, contributes to the strength of the skeleton and reduces the risk of fracture during a minor shock.
Possible complications
A poorly managed fracture can lead to a deforming bone callus, permanent lameness or loss of limb function. \n\nA significant tear of the patagium can permanently limit the animal's ability to glide. \n\nSpinal cord damage can cause permanent paralysis. \n\nThe stress linked to immobilization and pain can also cause a cessation of feeding, which is dangerous in this small animal with a rapid metabolism.
When to see a veterinarian
The flying squirrel limps or refuses to use a limb after a fall.
A limb appears deformed, swollen, or hangs abnormally.
The animal remains motionless, withdrawn, and refuses to move.
A wound or tear is visible on the flight membrane (patagium).
The animal presents paralysis of the hind legs or a staggering gait.
Loss of appetite, marked depression or abnormal breathing after shock.
Prognosis
The prognosis depends on the severity and location of the lesion. \n\nA simple fracture, treated quickly, generally has a good prognosis for healing with functional recovery. \n\nComplex fractures, vertebral injuries or extensive tears of the patagium have a more guarded prognosis and can leave after-effects affecting the ability to glide. \n\nA delay in treatment always worsens the chances of full recovery.
Frequently asked questions
My flying squirrel has fallen but seems to be walking normally, should I still consult?
Yes, a consultation is still recommended. Some fractures or internal injuries are not immediately visible, and the animal may compensate for the pain for a time before showing clearer signs.
Can you immobilize a limb yourself before going to the vet?
It is best not to manipulate the limb yourself, as one wrong move can aggravate the fracture. Place the animal in a small, dark, quiet box, and seek veterinary attention promptly.
Can torn patagium heal completely?
Small tears often heal well with proper care. Larger tears may leave a scar that slightly reduces gliding effectiveness, without impeding basic movement.
How can I prevent my flying squirrel from falling in captivity?
A vertical habitat with branches, ropes and platforms at different heights, as well as a cushioned floor, considerably reduces the risk of accidental falls.
References
AVMA — American Veterinary Medical Association
Content reviewed by the TunisieVet editorial team · Updated 17 September 2026
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