Home Animalia Animalpedia Mammals Mongolian gerbil

Photo — Users Pengo, Ericje on en.wikipedia — CC BY-SA 3.0 (Wikimedia Commons)
Mammal Desert Steppe Asia

Mongolian gerbil

Meriones unguiculatus

The Mongolian gerbil is a small domesticated rodent native to the steppes of Central Asia. This active and curious animal has a characteristic tail and soft fur, making it a popular pet worldwide.

Least concern (LC)

IUCN Red List, most recent assessment.

Presentation

The Mongolian gerbil is a small domesticated rodent native to the steppes of Central Asia. This active and curious animal has a characteristic tail and soft fur, making it a popular pet worldwide.

The Mongolian gerbil has a slender and elongated body, covered with thick brownish-gray fur. Its black eyes are large and slightly prominent, while its ears are moderately sized. The tail, almost as long as the body, is covered with short hairs and ends with a distinctive tuft.

Characteristics

ClassMammalia
OrderRodentia
Size10 – 12 cm (+ tail)
Weight20 – 35 g
Lifespan3 – 6 years
DietGranivore
DomesticationWild and domestic

Indicative values: they vary by subspecies, sex and region.

Habitat and distribution

The Mongolian gerbil naturally lives in the deserts and steppes of Central Asia, where it digs complex underground burrows to protect itself from extreme conditions. It prefers dry areas with sparse vegetation and creates burrows with several chambers and escape tunnels.

Desert

Steppe

ContinentAsia
Present in TunisiaNo

CURRENT RANGE

The Mongolian gerbil is native to Mongolia and adjacent regions of northern China. Although not naturally present in Tunisia, it is now distributed worldwide thanks to its domestication and status as a pet in many countries in North Africa and the Middle East.

Behaviour

The Mongolian gerbil is a highly active and social animal, especially during the night and dawn. It is curious, playful and loves to dig and explore its surroundings. In groups, it establishes social hierarchy and builds complex burrows. It is a domesticated animal that tolerates handling well when raised young.

Reproduction

The Mongolian gerbil reaches sexual maturity around 10-12 weeks. The gestation period lasts approximately 24 days, and a female can give birth to 3-8 young per litter. It is polyestrous and can reproduce multiple times per year under optimal conditions. Young are nursing for 3-4 weeks before weaning.

Peculiarities

The Mongolian gerbil possesses several remarkable adaptations: its elongated hind feet allow it to jump up to 30 cm high, and its molars grow continuously throughout its life. It uses its tail as a balancer during jumps and as a means of communication with its fellows. Its urinary system is highly efficient, producing very concentrated urine to conserve water.

Threats and conservation

The Mongolian gerbil is not threatened in the wild. Its conservation status is classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, as it has a vast range and its populations are stable in its natural habitats.

Numbers and trends vary across sources and regions. See the IUCN assessment for the latest reference data.

Gallery

1 documented photographs.

View the full gallery

References

UICN — Liste rouge des espèces menacées

Profile updated 08 August 2026 · Reviewed by the TunisieVet editorial team.

CONSERVATION STATUS

LC NT VU EN CR EW

Least concern (LC)

IUCN source, latest published assessment.

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