Peste des petits ruminants

What is it?

Peste des petits ruminants is a serious viral disease that mainly affects sheep and goats. It spreads very quickly in herds and can cause high mortality. This disease is closely monitored in Tunisia and around the world because it represents a significant threat to livestock farming.

Commonly observed signs

These signs are neither exhaustive nor specific. Only a veterinarian can establish a diagnosis.

Causes and risk factors

This disease is caused by a virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family, close to the rinderpest virus. This virus particularly attacks the respiratory and digestive systems of small ruminants. It is highly contagious between susceptible animals.

The gathering of animals from different origins, such as in markets or during transport, increases the risk of spread. Young animals and those unvaccinated are particularly vulnerable. A poor general health condition of the herd also favors the appearance of the disease.

Transmission

Transmission occurs mainly by direct contact between infected and healthy animals, particularly through respiratory secretions and excrement. Air can also play a role over short distances during close contact. Contaminated equipment, clothing or vehicles can also spread the virus.

Diagnosis and care

Diagnosis is the veterinarian's responsibility, based on clinical examination and laboratory tests. Care is decided case by case.

Prevention

References

WOAH — Organisation mondiale de la santé animale (ex-OIE)

Content reviewed by the TunisieVet editorial team · Updated 18 August 2026