Laminitis

What is it?

Laminitis is a painful inflammation of the internal hoof tissues (the podophyll) which connect the foot bone to the hoof wall in horses and donkeys. It can affect one or more feet, but most often affects both front limbs. This condition is considered a veterinary emergency because it can progress rapidly and seriously compromise the animal's mobility.

Commonly observed signs

These signs are neither exhaustive nor specific. Only a veterinarian can establish a diagnosis.

Causes and risk factors

Laminitis often results from carbohydrate overload due to a diet too rich in grains or excessive access to lush pastures. Other causes include metabolic disorders such as equine metabolic syndrome or Cushing's disease, serious infections, or excessive mechanical stress on a hoof after prolonged weight overload on a limb.

Overweight horses and donkeys, those suffering from hormonal disorders such as equine metabolic syndrome, and animals with uncontrolled access to rich pastures are at greater risk. Pony breeds and some donkeys are also considered more susceptible to this condition.

Transmission

Laminitis is not a contagious disease and is not transmitted from one animal to another. It develops individually depending on dietary, metabolic or mechanical factors specific to each animal.

Diagnosis and care

Diagnosis is the veterinarian's responsibility, based on clinical examination and laboratory tests. Care is decided case by case.

Prevention

References

MSD Veterinary Manual

Content reviewed by the TunisieVet editorial team · Updated 18 August 2026