Canine ehrlichiosis

Canine ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne infectious disease caused by bacteria that infect the dog's blood cells. It is widespread in Tunisia due to the significant presence of ticks, especially in dogs living outdoors. It can progress in acute,...

What is it?

Canine ehrlichiosis is a tick-borne infectious disease caused by bacteria that infect the dog's blood cells. It is widespread in Tunisia due to the significant presence of ticks, especially in dogs living outdoors. It can progress in acute, subclinical, or chronic forms depending on the case.

The disease is caused by an intracellular bacterium, mainly Ehrlichia canis, which infects the dog's white blood cells. This bacterium disrupts the normal functioning of the animal's immune and blood systems.

Dogs living outdoors, in rural or poorly maintained areas, are more exposed to ticks and thus to the risk of infection. Lack of regular antiparasitic protection and a tick-infested environment also increase this risk.

Commonly observed signs

These signs are neither exhaustive nor specific. Only a veterinarian can establish a diagnosis.

Transmission

Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick, mainly the brown dog tick which is very common in Tunisia. The disease does not spread directly from one dog to another without the tick vector.

Diagnosis and care

Diagnosis is the veterinarian's responsibility, based on clinical examination and laboratory tests. Care is decided case by case.

Prevention

References

MSD Veterinary Manual

ESCCAP — European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites

Content reviewed by the TunisieVet editorial team · Updated 08 August 2026

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Affected species

This information is provided for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for a veterinary consultation. If you have any concerns about your animal's health, consult a veterinarian.