Otitis externa
Otitis externa is an inflammation of the external ear canal, common in dogs and cats. It can affect one or both ears and become chronic if not treated. This is one of the main causes of ear-related veterinary consultations.
What is it?
Otitis externa is an inflammation of the external ear canal, common in dogs and cats. It can affect one or both ears and become chronic if not treated. This is one of the main causes of ear-related veterinary consultations.
Commonly observed signs
These signs are neither exhaustive nor specific. Only a veterinarian can establish a diagnosis.
Related signs — each one links to its page:
There is frequent scratching of the ear, shaking of the head, redness and swelling of the ear canal, as well as an unpleasant odor or discharge. The animal may also show pain when the ear is touched and head tilt.
When to consult without delay
This list does not replace veterinary advice. It gathers situations that justify a prompt consultation.
Causes and risk factors
The causes are multiple: parasites (mites), bacterial or fungal infections, allergies, foreign bodies, or anatomical abnormalities of the ear canal. Often, several factors combine to trigger inflammation.
Breeds with floppy or hairy ears, excessive moisture in the ear canal (frequent swimming), skin allergies, and insufficient or excessive ear cleaning increase the risk. Age and certain chronic skin diseases also play a role.
Transmission
Otitis externa itself is not contagious, but some causative agents, such as ear mites, can be transmitted between animals through close direct contact.
Diagnosis and care
Diagnosis is the veterinarian's responsibility, based on clinical examination and laboratory tests. Care is decided case by case.
If your pet shows signs of ear discomfort, it is important to consult a veterinarian quickly to identify the cause and avoid complications. Only a professional can offer appropriate support after examination.
Prevention
Regular and appropriate cleaning of the ears, careful drying after bathing or swimming, and monitoring for early signs of irritation help prevent ear infections. Regular veterinary check-ups are recommended for predisposed breeds.
References
Content reviewed by the TunisieVet editorial team · Updated 18 August 2026
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